Can Men Get Breast Cancer
“I am not a woman; there is no way I am at risk for breast cancer.”
This is a common misconception. While breast cancer in men is rare, making up less than one per cent of all breast cancer cases, it is nonetheless a real and serious health concern.
Studies show that men are often diagnosed later than women, partly due to low awareness and the absence of routine screening. Delays in diagnosis can lead to poorer outcomes — early detection is key.
What are the risk factors for breast cancer in men?
Male breast cancer shares several risk factors with female breast cancer.
- Genetic factors, particularly BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are significant contributors
- Older age
- Family history
- High oestrogen levels (due to conditions like liver disease)
- Lifestyle factors such as obesity and alcohol consumption
The incidence of male breast cancer has risen in Singapore, possibly due to increased health awareness and rising lifestyle-related risks, such as obesity.
Indicators of breast cancer in men
Men should watch out for symptoms such as:
- Lumps in the breast (often painless)
- Nipple retraction
- Nipple discharge (especially bloody)
- Nipple swelling
- Skin changes (redness, dimpling, and rash)
- Lumps or swelling in the armpit
Although routine screening is not available for men, awareness is important, especially for those with a family history or genetic risk. Seek medical attention promptly if symptoms occur.
Treatment for breast cancer in men
Treatment protocols for men largely follow those used for women. The majority of male breast cancer patients in Singapore will undergo mastectomy, with fewer undergoing breast-conserving surgery. Similarly to treatments for women, hormonal therapy (such as tamoxifen), chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are commonly used.
“Family physicians play a key role in risk assessment, early evaluation of symptoms, appropriate investigations, and timely referrals to specialists when needed”
Conclusion
Stigma surrounding male breast cancer can lead to emotional distress, isolation, and delays in seeking treatment. The perception of breast cancer as a “woman’s disease” often discourages men from seeking help, increasing the risk of later diagnosis and poorer outcomes.
Early detection is critical, and men are encouraged to seek medical advice promptly if they notice any changes. Access to counselling, support groups, and open conversations about men’s breast health are essential to improving recovery and saving lives.
Establishing an ongoing relationship with a family physician is an important part of preventive health, especially for conditions that are often overlooked. A trusted doctor provides a safe space for men to discuss concerns early, even when symptoms seem minor or uncertain. Family physicians play a key role in risk assessment, early evaluation of symptoms, appropriate investigations, and timely referrals to specialists when needed. Having a regular doctor who knows your medical and family history can make a critical difference in early detection and outcomes.
