Cervical cancer screening plays a vital role in detecting early cell changes that may lead to cervical cancer. A Pap smear or HPV test helps identify abnormal cervical cells and high-risk HPV types that can cause cervical cancer. Modern screening methods now use a soft brush and liquid-based cytology for more reliable results. HPV vaccination, recommended for girls and women aged 9 to 26 in Singapore, offers strong protection against high-risk HPV subtypes. Screening is still important even if you have a family history of cervical cancer, are unvaccinated, or have concerns about the examination. If you are pregnant, experiencing abnormal vaginal bleeding, or unsure when to start screening, speak to your gynaecologist for personalised guidance.